References for Tropical Rain Forests' Articles

Tropical Rain Forests Article

1. Taken from: Park, C. C. (1992). Tropical Rainforests. New York: Routledge, p. 90. Retrieved November 5, 2007, from Questia.com

2. Park, C. C. (1992). Tropical Rainforests. New York: Routledge, p. 6. Retrieved November 5, 2007, from Questia.com

3. Ibid., p. 100

4. Ibid., pp. 100 – 101

5. Biological Diversity. (1997, Summer). UN Chronicle, Vol. 34. Retrieved November 5, 2007, from Questia.com

6. Park, C. C. (1992). Tropical Rainforests. New York: Routledge, pp. 107 – 108. Retrieved November 5, 2007, from Questia.com

7. Ibid., pp. 51 – 52

8. This term was originally coined by the Prussian naturalist Alexander von Humboldt, as quoted in:

In Search of Bounty: The Rainforests Were a Natural Treasure Trove for the European Explorers Who First Visited Them and Have since Provided the Source Materials for Some of Today's Most Commonplace Technologies and Products. (2005, November). Geographical, Vol. 77. Retrieved November 5, 2007, from Questia.com

9. Ibid.

10. Ibid.

11. Park, C. C. (1992). Tropical Rainforests. New York: Routledge, p. 87. Retrieved November 5, 2007, from Questia.com

12. Ibid.

13. Ibid., p. 89

14. Bowles, I. A., Prickett, G. T., & Skoczlas, A. E. (Eds.). (2000). Footprints in the Jungle: Natural Resource Industries, Infrastructure, and Biodiversity Conservation. New York: Oxford University Press, p. 3. Retrieved November 5, 2007, from Questia.com

15. Adapted from Chapter 4.4 Loss of Environmental Services of:

Park, C. C. (1992). Tropical Rainforests. New York: Routledge, pp. 89 – 94. Retrieved November 5, 2007, from Questia.com

16. Sydney Morning Herald. (October 28, 2007). Australia: Land Clearing blamed for climate change. Retrieved November 5, 2007 from Rainforest Portal: http://www.rainforestportal.org/shared/reader/welcome.aspx?linkid=86838&keybold=australian%20drought

17. Leigh, E. G. (1999). Tropical Forest Ecology: A View from Barro Colorado Island. New York: Oxford University Press, p. 233. Retrieved November 5, 2007, from Questia.com

18. Amazon Rainforest. (November 5, 2007). In Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. Retrieved November 5, 2007, from http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Amazon_Rainforest&oldid=169357560

19. Most Would Pay Higher Bills To Help Climate: Poll. (November 5, 2007). In Environmental News Network. Retrieved November 5, 2007 from http://www.enn.com/business/article/24258

20. Nobel Peace Prize. (November 5, 2007). In Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. Retrieved November 5, 2007, from http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Nobel_Peace_Prize&oldid=169397628

Rain Forest Destruction Article

1. Leigh, E. G. (1999). Tropical Forest Ecology: A View from Barro Colorado Island. New York: Oxford University Press, p. 233 . Retrieved November 15, 2007 from Questia.com

2. Forest. (2004). In The Columbia Encyclopedia (6th ed.). New York: Columbia University Press. Retrieved November 15, 2007 from Questia.com

3. Status of the World's Tropical Forests. (2007). In Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved November 16, 2007 from Encyclopedia Britannica Online: http://www.britannica.com/eb/article-9118267

4. Williams, M. (2001, July). The History of Deforestation. History Today, Vol. 51. Retrieved November 15, 2007 from Questia.com

5. Ibid.

6. Ibid.

7. Ibid.

8. Ibid.

9. Ibid.

10. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. Global Forest Resources Assessment 2005. Retrieved November 14, 2007 from http://www.fao.org/forestry/site/32038/en

11. Mygatt, E. (April 4, 2006). World’s Forests Continue to Shrink. Earth Policy Institute. Retrieved November 15, 2007 from http://www.earth-policy.org/Indicators/Forest/2006.htm

12. Amazon Rainforest. (November 5, 2007). In Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. Retrieved November 5, 2007, from http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Amazon_Rainforest&oldid=169357560

13. Mygatt, E. (April 4, 2006). World’s Forests Continue to Shrink. Earth Policy Institute. Retrieved November 15, 2007 from http://www.earth-policy.org/Indicators/Forest/2006.htm

14. Park, C. C. (1992). Tropical Rainforests. New York: Routledge, p. 67. Retrieved November 15, 2007 from Questia.com

15. Ibid., pp. 67 – 68

16. Illegal logging. (November 15, 2007). In Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. Retrieved November 16, 2007 from http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Illegal_logging&oldid=171763873

Panama Rainforest Article

1. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. Global Forest Resources Assessment 2005. Retrieved November 14, 2007 from http://www.fao.org/forestry/site/32038/en

2. Panama. (2007). In Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved December 15, 2007 from Encyclopedia Britannica Online: http://www.britannica.com/eb/article-40998

3. Leigh, E. G. (1999). Tropical Forest Ecology: A View from Barro Colorado Island, p. 3. New York: Oxford University Press. Retrieved December 14, 2007 from Questia.com

4. Ibid.

5. Coiba. (October 23, 2007). In Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. Retrieved December 15, 2007 from http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Coiba&oldid=166543974

6. Ibid.

7. World Resources Institute (2006). Panama – Biodiversity and Protected Areas. EarthTrends: The Environmental Information Portal. Retrieved on December 12, 2007 from http://earthtrends.wri.org/text/biodiversity-protected/country-profile-141.html

8. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. Global Forest Resources Assessment 2005. Retrieved November 14, 2007 from http://www.fao.org/forestry/site/32038/en

9. CREA Panama. (2005). Sustainable Agricultural Systems. Retrieved December 14, 2007 from http://www.crea-panama.org/research-agriculture.htm

10. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. Global Forest Resources Assessment 2005. Retrieved November 14, 2007 from http://www.fao.org/forestry/site/32038/en

11. Ibid.

12. Ibid.

13. Panama Travel. Panama's National Parks. Retrieved December 14, 2007 from http://www.panamatravel.com/natparks.htm

14. UNEP - World Conservation Monitoring Centre (Content Partner); McGinley, M. (Topic Editor). (2007). Darién National Park, Panama. In: Encyclopedia of Earth. Last revised December 11, 2007; Retrieved December 14, 2007 from http://www.eoearth.org/article/Darién_National_Park,_Panama

15. The Nature Conservancy in Panama (2007). Darien – Kuna Yula. Retrieved December 14, 2007 from http://www.nature.org/wherewework/centralamerica/panama/work/art8708.html

16. UNEP - World Conservation Monitoring Centre (Content Partner); McGinley, M. (Topic Editor). (2007). Darién National Park, Panama. In: Encyclopedia of Earth. Last revised December 11, 2007; Retrieved December 14, 2007 from http://www.eoearth.org/article/Darién_National_Park,_Panama

17. Costa Rica Guide (2004). La Amistad International Peace Park. Retrieved December 14, 2007 from http://costa-rica-guide.com/parks/amistad.htm

18. The Nature Conservancy in Panama (2007). La Amistad/Bocas del Toro. Retrieved December 14, 2007 from http://www.nature.org/wherewework/centralamerica/panama/work/art8692.html

19. UNEP - World Conservation Monitoring Centre (Content Partner); McGinley, M. (Topic Editor). (2007). Coiba National Park and its Special Zone of Marine Protection, Panama. In: Encyclopedia of Earth. Published in the Encyclopedia of Earth December 10, 2007; Retrieved December 14, 2007 from http://www.eoearth.org/article/Coiba_National_Park_and_its_Special_Zone_of_Marine_Protection,_Panama

20. Ibid.

21. Blurtit (2007). Where is the Panama Canal rainforest located? Retrieved December 13, 2007 from http://www.blurtit.com/q463159.html

22. Gonsalves, L. (2002). The Plan Puebla-Panama. Chiapas Support Committee. Retrieved December 14, 2007 from http://www.chiapas-support.org/plan_panama.htm

23. Perrons, D. (2004). Globalisation and Social Change: People and Places in a Divided World,p. 286. London: Routledge. Retrieved December 14, 2007 from Questia.com

Panama Canal Construction Article

1. Parker, M. (February 28, 2007). In Guardian Unlimited (Online Edition). Retrieved on November 21, 2007 from http://www.guardian.co.uk/environment/2007/feb/28/water.conservationandendangeredspecies

2. Gatun Lake. (September 25, 2007). In Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. Retrieved November 21, 2007 from http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Gatun_Lake&oldid=160311827

3. Ibid.

4. Panama Canal. (November 16, 2007). In Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. Retrieved November 21, 2007 from http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Panama_Canal&oldid=171915940

5. Panama Canal. (2007). In Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved November 19, 2007 from http://www.britannica.com/eb/article-9110730

6. Ibid.

7. Panama Canal. (2007). In Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved November 19, 2007 from http://www.britannica.com/eb/article-40009

8. Panama Canal Expansion Project. (November 9, 2007). In Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. Retrieved November 21, 2007 from http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Panama_Canal_expansion_project&oldid=170213174

9. Panama Canal. (November 16, 2007). In Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. Retrieved November 21, 2007 from http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Panama_Canal&oldid=171915940

10. Matalon, L. (June 27, 2007). Panama Canal Expansion Spurs Environmental Debate. National Geographic News Online. Retrieved November 21, 2007 from http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2007/06/070627-panama-canal_2.html

11. Tucker, R. P. (2000). Insatiable Appetite: The United States and the Ecological Degradation of the Tropical World. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press, pp. 417 – 418. Retrieved November 21, 2007 from Questia.com

12. Naturalist's Guide to the Americas (V. E. Shelford, Ed.) (1926). Baltimore, MD: Williams & Wilkins, p. 617. Retrieved November 21, 2007 from Questia.com

13. Parker, M. (February 28, 2007). In Guardian Unlimited (Online Edition). Retrieved on November 21, 2007 from http://www.guardian.co.uk/environment/2007/feb/28/water.conservationandendangeredspecies

14. Leigh, E. G. (1999). Tropical Forest Ecology: A View from Barro Colorado Island. New York: Oxford University Press, p. 11 . Retrieved November 21, 2007 from Questia.com

15. Panama Canal. (November 16, 2007). In Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. Retrieved November 21, 2007 from http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Panama_Canal&oldid=171915940

16. Ibid.

17. Ibid.

18. Ibid.

19. BBC News, Science / Nature (October 12, 2005). Logging Does Not Raise Flood Risk. BBC Online. Retrieved November 21, 2007 from http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/science/nature/4331472.stm

Ecuador Rainforest Article

1. Ministry of Tourism of Ecuador (2007). Flora, Fauna & Ecology. Retrieved November 30, 2007 from http://www.vivecuador.com/html2/eng/ecology.htm#ecosystems

2. Southgate, D., & Whitaker, M. (1994). Economic Progress and the Environment: One Developing Country's Policy Crisis. New York: Oxford University Press, p. 8. Retrieved November 29, 2007 from Questia.com

3a. All three figures derived from the tables in:

IUCN, Conservation International, and NatureServe (2006). Global Amphibian Assessment. RetrievedNovember 30, 2007 from http://www.globalamphibians.org/patterns.htm#endemism

3b. Ravilious, K. (July 21, 2008). Bat Bonanza: 100+ Species Found in 5 Acres of Jungle. National Geographic News. Retrieved July 25, 2008 from http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2008/07/080722-bats-ecuador.html

4. Wunder, S. (2000). The Economics of Deforestation: The Example of Ecuador. Basingstoke, UK: Macmillan, p. 94. Retrieved November 29, 2007 from Questia.com

5. Ryder, R., & Brown, L. A. (2000). Urban-System Evolution on the Frontier of the Ecuadorian Amazon. The Geographical Review, Vol. 90(4). Retrieved November 29, 2007 from Questia.com

6. Ibid.

7. 'They Took Our Oil-And Left Us with Cancer'; Helping Hand. Trudie Embraces a Child during Her Latest Trip to Ecuador; Call for Action. Trudie and Husband Sting. (2007, July 8). The Mail on Sunday (London, England). Retrieved November 29, 2007 from Questia.com

8. Ibid.

9. Hearn, K. (March/April, 2006). Big Oil on Trial: In the Ecuadorian Rainforest, Chevron Is Charged as a Major Polluter. E, Vol. 17. Retrieved November 29, 2007 from Questia.com

10. ChevronToxico.com (2006). The International Campaign to Hold ChevronTexaco Accountable for Its Toxic Contamination of the Ecuadorian Amazon. Retrieved November 30, 2007 from http://www.chevrontoxico.com/article.php?id=33

11. Switkes, G., & Colvin, J. G. (1994). The People vs. Texaco. NACLA Report on the Americas, Vol. 28(2), p. 8. Retrieved November 29, 2007 from Questia.com

12. Youth, H. (2006, March/April). Ecuador, in Search of Natural Balance. World Watch, Vol. 19. Retrieved November 29, 2007 from Questia.com

13. Vidal, J. (December 30, 2011). World pays Ecuador not to extract oil from rainforest. Guardian.co.uk. Retrieved January 2, 2012 from http://www.guardian.co.uk/environment/2011/dec/30/ecuador-paid-rainforest-oil-alliance

 

References for the A Little Bit of Statistics ... box

a. Wunder, S. (2000). The Economics of Deforestation: The Example of Ecuador. Basingstoke, UK: Macmillan, p. 102. Retrieved November 29, 2007 from Questia.com

b. Ibid.

c. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. Global Forest Resources Assessment 2005. Retrieved November 14, 2007 from http://www.fao.org/forestry/site/32038/en

d. Wunder, S. (2000). The Economics of Deforestation: The Example of Ecuador. Basingstoke, UK: Macmillan, p. 102. Retrieved November 29, 2007 from Questia.com

e. Ibid.

f. Ibid.

g. Ibid.

h. Ibid.

i. Ibid.

j. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. Global Forest Resources Assessment 2005. Retrieved November 14, 2007 from http://www.fao.org/forestry/site/32038/en

k. Ibid.

l. Ibid.

m. Ministry of Tourism of Ecuador (2007). Ecuador Nature. Retrieved November 30, 2007 from http://www.vivecuador.com/html2/eng/nature.htm

References for the Some More Statistics ... box

a. Ministry of Tourism of Ecuador (2007). Ecuador Nature. Retrieved November 30, 2007 from http://www.vivecuador.com/html2/eng/nature.htm

b. Ecuador Portal (August 15, 2007). In Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. Retrieved November 30, 2007 from http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portal:Ecuador&oldid=151317957